Data: This is unprocessed piece of fact.
Information: This organized data which give meaning full sentence or statement.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DATA AND INFORMATION
Data is like if i tell ETX 2005 , its data to you , and if I add on that saying it’s your license number then its information for you, so data and information are interrelated to each other.
SIMILARITIES
i) Both can be presented in alphabets
ii) Both can be presented in number
iii) Both can be presented in symbols
DIFFERENCES
i) Data is a row fact which is unprocessed while information is data that has been processed.
ii) Data is the lower level of knowledge while information is the second level of knowledge.
iii) Observation and recording are done to obtain data while analysis is done to obtain information
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
Sources of information can be categorized in two groups.
PRIMARY SOURCES
Primary sources of information allow the learners to access original and unedited information. A primary source requires the learner to interact with the sources and extract information.
E.g; person interview E-mail contact, Event, Discussion, Debate, Community meeting, Survery, Artifact, Observation of object canimate and inanimate.
SECONDARY SOURCES
Secondary sources are edited primary sources, second – hand versions.
They represent someone else’s thinking
E.g. Book, CR- Rom, Encyclopedia, Magazine, Newspaper, Video tape, Audiotape, TV.
Primary or Secondary
– Internet website
– Graph, Chart , diagram , table
IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION
i) Creating awareness.
ii) Educating people
iii) Alert people on danger
iv) Giving instructions
v) Help in decision making
vi) Used in advertising goods
QUALITIES OF INFORMATION
i) Information should be RELEVANT. The information should be logical and fit to the level of recipients.
ii) The information should be UNDERSTANDABLE. Understandability of the information should be clear to the recipients.
iii) TIME LINES, every information should have a range of time that can be useful.
iv) RELIABILITY , Information should be reliable to the receiver
INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
This is the process of spreading or distributing information using various ways from one individual to another.
The process of disseminating information can be grouped into three main parts.
1.Source 
2.Medium 
3. Receiver
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
– This is the origination of the message or the information to be disseminated.
– The sources can be directly or indirectly meaning that the information can be collected directly from the communication media.
MEDIUM
– This includes the means of spreading the information such as newspapers, signs, magazines, radio, television, telephone, computer (with internet) etc.
RECEIVER
– The people or audience intended to receive the information.
WAYS OF DISSEMINATING INFORMATION
i) Traditional ways
ii) Modern ways
TRADITIONAL WAYS
Uses traditional tools to spread information e.g. Songs,drums,poems,whistle.
MODERN WAYS
Uses modern tools to spread information e.g. Internet, TV, radio station, magazine
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN WAYS
| TRADITIONAL WAYS | MODERN WAYS |
| 1) Slow in disseminating information | – Quick and faster to disseminate the information |
| 2) Most of medium or equipment are manual operated | Equipment are electrically equipped |
| 3) Messages can be sent with in short distance | Distance coverage is big |
| 4) The cost of sending the messages is too high | The cost of sending message is very low e.g. E-mail |
| 5) The information reach few people | Many people can get information at the same time |
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THE COMPUTER
This is the electronic device that receives data input and processed it into output.
OUTPUT: This is the processed data from a computer.
INPUT : This is the unprocessed data which enter a computer.
STORAGE: The computer holds data internally during and after processing.
PROCESSING: This is the convention of input data into output data.
INPUT 
PROCESSING 
OUTPUT
CHARACTERS OF COMPUTER
1) SPEED
Computer has a very high speed in working
2) ACCURACY
Computer never makes errors; normally errors are made by users.
3) STORAGE
Computer has memory for storing data.
4) TIRELESSNESS.
Computer never gets tired
5) VERSATILITY
Computer can perform jobs logically step by step.