Is the physical movement of people, goods and service from one place to another.
ELEMENTS OF TRANSPORT
- The way:Goods must move on something on land, on water or in air. This is called the way. Ways may be natural like sea, the air or lakes or man made like roads, railway tracks or bridges.
- The unit of carriage: Goods do not move themselves. They must be carried in some vehicle, may it be a truck, a lorry, a train, a ship or an aeroplane. These are referred as units of carriage.
- Method of propulsion: A unit of carriage must be driven by some force or power. Common methods of propulsion are the petrol engine, jet engine and electric motor. The choice of the method of propulsion depends on the size of the vehicle speed desired and the fuel available.
- Terminals: This is the station, air port or car park where loading or unloading of cargo and passengers take place.
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IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORT
- Promote foreign trade:
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Due to the availability of transport delivery and collection of goods between countries is possible.
- Develop Regions:
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Good efficient transport system may lead to development of regions by opening up area of production process. Transport provide access to areas which were once unreached.
- Provide employment:
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Transport provides employment to people like drivers, pilots, air hostesses, road workers, and many others.
- Create utility:
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The goods and services become only useful when they are moving from the places of production to where they are needed. Hence transport creates place utility of goods and services.
- Provide a variety:
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Movement of goods from place to another avails people with choice variety. Different goods and service can easily be moved from place of availability to other places.
- Links producers:
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Transport links produces to consumer by bringing goods and delivers them to producers.
- Generates Revenue:
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Transport generates revenue for government in form of road license, registration, driving permit and others.
- Transport workers:
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Workers are easily moved to their places of employment without transport it would be difficult for workers to reach in the office at a time and work effectively.
- It eliminates scarcity:
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Goods can be moved from area of surplus to area of scarcity. Transport looks market such that goods can easily be conveyed to other areas suffering scarcity.
- Industries develop:
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Transport ennglish-swahili/courage” target=”_blank”>courages the development of industries and agriculture. Businessman will be motivated to locate their ventures in areas with good transport system.
- Specialization is promoted:
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Transport ennglish-swahili/courage” target=”_blank”>courages specialization. People will comfortably locate businesses in areas of their choice knowing that they will easily get what is not produced from other areas with a transport system.
PROBLEMS FACING THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY IN TANZANIA
- Weather effect:
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Heavy rains sometimes destroy bridges and roads which make movement of goods, people and services to be difficult to some areas.
- Hill terrain:
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Mountainous regions like Kabala make the construction of railways difficult. In fact large areas of the country cannot be accessed by trains due to being hill.
- Construction of bridges is expensive:
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Rivers cross many areas yet construction of bridges is expensive making road transport in such areas impossible.
- Traffic jams: The roads are very narrow causing traffic jams during rush hours (early morning and evening)
- Limited air transport :
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Tanzania has only two international airport hence requiring people to move long distances from whenever they are to Entebbe, This makes the system costly and may disnglish-swahili/courage” target=”_blank”>courages some users.
- High way Robbers:
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Most of the roads and railway lines pass through heavy forests and bush, making them unsecure because of high ways robbers.
- Inaccessibility:
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Some areas are not easily reached by any transport system. It either so hill or in the valleys or islands and reaching may be difficult.
EFFORTS TAKEN TO REDUCE TRANSPORT PROBLEM IN TANZANIA
- Liberalization of trade
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This has reduce government participation in transport,The private sector decide to improve transport problems by buying buses, lorries, airplanes and others. This has eliminated the problem of scarcity.
2. Construction of all weather roads
The government has tried to make most roads possible, either by terracing or provision of all weather road. This makes the roads usable all year round.
3. Decentralizing construction
The government has decentralized the construction of roads by enabling all districts to buy their construction equipment, directly controlled by their local councils.
MODES OF TRANSPORT
