LANGUAGE ONE FORM 5 – LISTENING SKILLS

LISTENING AND NOTE TAKING
When you take note, it isn’t necessary to write down every word.Outline major ideas, Listen for key words and phrases.
Develop your own shorthand and learn to abbreviate words. Make notes about any examples speakers use to explain their
ideas.Note taking involve recording ideas and facts that you learn in class to help you remember and see them letter.

          Why is note taking important?

• You become an active part of the listening and learning process.
  
• You create a history of your course content
  
• You have a written record to view or study letter
  
• You reinforce what is communicated verbally.
  
         Strategies to increase comprehension and improve (Note taking)
  
•    Listening for structure cues (signpost/transition words, introduction, body and summary stages)
  
•    Looking for non -verbal cues (facial expression hand and body signals)
  
•    Looking for visual cues (copy the content of any visual aids used. 
  
•   Use symbol and abbreviations to save time.
  

 

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Some of the example of commonly symbols and abbreviations are presented as follows:- 

             
COMMON ABBREVIATIONS

Many are derived from Latin,

     C.F (confer)  =compare

     I.e    (id est) =that is

     e.g   (example grate) = for example

     N.B  (nota benne)    =note well

     Etc  (et cetera)        =and so on

     No  (numero)          = number

TASK

1. Explain the differences between listening and hearing
   
2. Explain how listening is an important part of public speaking
   
3. Give three reasons to why listening is important in your daily life
   
4. Explain the difference between physical and mental barriers to effective listening ,Give three examples of barriers
   
5. Explain at least three ways to improve listening
   
6. Why do people find it hard to listen?
   

 

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HOW TO USE AN ATM MACHINE
(With-drawing money from ATM machine)

Introduction

The acronym ATM stands for “Automatic teller machine” which means a computerized machine that facilities banking transactions especially depositing money (in highly technological developed countries) and withdrawing money (almost in every country).

ATM technology is recent especially in third world countries where computer technology is still low. However this technology is growing very fast especially in urban areas where physical infrastructures are being improved tremendously.

Using an ATM technology is only possible to bank customers who have bank account and provided with ATM cards. An ATM cards enables a bank customer to perform banking transaction especially withdrawing money. However to withdraw money, a customer needs to have enough bank balance that enables him/ her to withdraw.

As a recent technology, ATM technology has posed a number of challenges and risk one of the challenges is back of power especially in third world countries (TWC) security problem is another serious challenges where frauds and stealing are common in ATM machines. This goes together with lack of sufficient security in places where ATM machines are located ATM card join and the related problems such as miscounting of cash/ money.

Despite all the above challenges and problems ATM technology is very useful in saving time and prevision of banking service close to people and throughout the day and throughout the week something that cannot be done by normal banking transaction.
ATM technology has also helped people in avoiding taking and walking or staying with a lot of cash at home.

USING AN ATM MACHINE

Before thinking of using an ATM machine you are supposed to open a bank account and deposit your money. The money that you are likely to withdraw should be more than a minimum balances. It is also recommended that you have to open a bank account that you feel that it can serve you properly and national wide. Do not open a bank account with a bank which is confined to only one city or town. It is also important to note that a good bank is a bank that is more reliable, with sufficient capital good record of trust from customers as well as lowest service charges. It is also important to think of a bank that has spread ATM machines.

SECURITY ISSUES

Using ATM services requires certain security issues to consider. Security issues are grouped into categories (3) as follows.
a) Selecting an ATM

i) Do not selecting an ATM at the corner of a building or hidden and obscured area selected an ATM located at the center of a
building or an open areas increases security and safety as well as surprise.
ii)Select an ATM located in area without banners in case of emergency. These areas provide hiding opportunities for criminal
especially thieves and robbers.
iii)Select an ATM that is in well lightened locations (especially at right)
iv)Solicit prior criminal activity statistic or information before choosing an ATM.
v)Avoid ATM location with large perimeter parking yards/lots or car congestion area.

b) Approaching the ATM

i)  Never approach an ATM where there’s no light
ii) Check the security specious people around or cars faked a side with people inside.
iii) Avoid ATM with obscuring objects e.g. building
iv) At right don’t go to an ATM alines, go with your friend/companion
v)  If you’re driving, keep all the window closed and all the door closed. Before switching off the engine watch the area careful
and quickly all sides.If  someone approaches your vehicles cancel or postpone the transactions and go to another ATM. If it
is safe exist the vehicle and lock it and keep your  keys handy so that you can reenter quickly after the transaction.
vi) Never approach an ATM if the lights at the site are not working.

c). Using the ATM

i) When waiting in line to rise the ATM wait stand behind the person ahead of you and do not approach the ATM until they
complete the transaction.
ii) When you’re using the ATM AND someone is closer to you than you would like them to be, ask them politely and tactfully to
step back a few steps.
     If no co – operation council the transaction and wait outside or go to another ATM. This is a risk
iii) Before your approach the ATM, have your ATM cards ready and know your pin number or passwords.
iv) Protect and hide your person identification.
v) Memories your pin and avoid writing it anywhere if you can’t memories it write and a small   piece of paper and after the
transaction destroy it completely or chew it and split it. Do not carry or put your pin in your wallet or pocket.
vi) When using the ATM, stand directly in front of the keyboards blocking the view of others. Do not enter the pin if someone
around can view the screen/keyboard.
vii) Select a pin that is different from the numbers noted in your wallet, mobile phones, birthdays etc in case you’re free to do
so.  
Vii) Do not accept offers of assistant with ATM from strangers. If you are having a problem consults your bank of officials, not
even security guards.
viii) When the transaction is complete, take your properties card, money and receipts and put them in your wallet, bag or
pocket and leave immediate.
ix) Check security around. If you feel someone is following you, walk or drive quickly to on open place where there are a lot of
people and call the police.
x) If you lose or misplace or have your card stolen notify the card assure immediately.

 MONEY WITHDRAWING PROCEDURES

  The following are procedure or steps in withdrawing money from an ATM.

1.  Insert your bank/ ATM card into a reader slot.
2.  When prompted by ATM, select language e.g. Eng or Kisw.
3.  When prompted by ATM, enter or type in your PIN password
4.  When prompted by ATM, select withdraw
5.  When prompted by ATM, enter or type the amount of money you want to withdraw.
6.  Wait for the machine to count and release the money out.
7.  When prompted select if you require a receipt or other transaction
8.  Collect your money /cash. If possible count it quickly.
9.  Eject the card or await and return and remove it from the card reader slot and leave.

REGISTER DIFFERENCES

Register is a variety of language that is distinguished according to use.
For example the lawyer doctors ,teachers of different subjects,the engineers ,team coach etc.They all use specific language basing (depending on their respective fields.Thus the use of different languages according to different fields is what we call register.

The difference in registers is due to the fact that each field use language which is characterized by certain stylistic features.Thus, we need to pay much attention to speaker’s register so as to identify and understand the language used as per its stylistic features.

Observe the following registers and their stylistic feature.

                                               LANGUAGE OF NEWSPAPER REPORT
                                  
                               

 Stylistic Features:
-Use of long sentences
Example:the above paragraph has only one sentence.
-The use of numbers as it is very importance to show the scores and time in football.
-Use of past tense as it reports the past event.
-Use names of people and places here and the  e.g names of players,location/field/pitch(national stadium)
-Use of adjectives e.g “aggressive team.”well deserved win”
-Specialized terms like soccer,tournament.Always use adverbs e.g.yesterday,next week,tomorrow etc.

LANGUAGE ADVERTISING

Lexical feature of Advertising language.

      The use of first and second personal pronouns i.e.” I / We/ you” It is because these pronouns help to create a friend- like intimate atmosphere to move and
persuade the audience the use of the first and second person is called gossip- advertisements

 E.g   –     Hyundai: Always there for you

              We live to deliver.

              Yamaha Every time we race you win

              Use of motive or evaluative Adjectives or Adjectival Phrases.

     E.g Beautiful writing instruments peerless accessories for the innate sophisticate. Each pen and pencil is an original innovative designs preserited exclusively for those who appreciate only the very best

–  Use of Technical Terms and Scientific rounding words

            Eg – Pure colour Beautiful full- colour copies are in fool bloom from Minolta Because of our laser Intensive Modulation system ( LIMOS)—–

–  A powerful built – in flash system related at GN20 and a spectrum of features

–  Use of Negative words

       Eg: A diamond engagement ring show your love as nothing else can

             Words such as no, none, nothing, never, etc to show the uniqueness of the product.

–  Use of inclusive words
Such as all, every, always etc to indicate that reference is universal

         Eg; Coca-Cola always Coca-Cola

–  Use of compound words
Eg; Adj + N- first class

–   Top – quality bulb
N+ V + ed- honey coated sugar puffs

 V + ing – shining clean

Syntactic features of Advertising language

-Frequent use of simple sentence
Example from Honda automobile
Honda has always made good cars people love them

         Our new program will help to resolve products- related questions about your.This program is free .Just ask at any Honda dealer for a booklet Or call ——-,
you see Honda wants you and your Honda to have a long and happy relationships. It’s only right.

– Frequent use of interrogative sentences.

Eg – Hair Darkening Medicine: Are you going grey to early?

       What in women’s Realm this week? A wonderful beauty offers for you

       Lincoln Park Zoo: What would man be without the ape?

-Frequent use of imperative sentences
Imperative sentence give a command or make a request and they are usually short and powerful sentences.

         Eg – Honda Motor: Buy one

                Honda civic wagon: put it all behind you

                Express card: Don’t leave home without it.

                United Airlines: Life is a journey, travel it well.

– Use of present Tense Eg –A diamond is forever

–  Use of Minor Sentences.

Eg – Mild Cigarette: A mid way. Make it a mild smoke, smooth, rich, rewarding.

     -Volks wagen Pass at wagon: somewhere between tuxedo and birthday suit

Graphological feature of Advertising language

                Eg – Bolding

–  Capitalization

–  The use of abbreviations for economic purposes Eg – Ltd, tel, Co, DSM, CCM, UNHCR etc

–  Punctuation marks such as exclusions (!) + coloring, Picture, etc.

Semantic Features of the language of Advertising

               Eg – Ambiguity
– Idioms and proverbs

–  Figurative expression

    Simile- cools as maintain stream

    Metaphor – Pepsi the father of all drinks

    Personification- Now you faxes can find you even if your office cant

                         -GS Co introducing camera that shares your vision of perfect picture

    Euphemism- Diet cake we know you are both gourmet and weight watcher (factor obese people)

 –  If world class Rolex has been a bit beyond you budget before likey now puts it within you reach